有轨电车用燃料电池系统效率研究

Efficiency analysis of fuel cell for the tram

文章基于100 kW燃料电池试验平台,对燃料电池系统的辅机功耗及系统效率进行了研究。通过启动、稳态和加减载3个试验,研究了不同工况下辅机功耗以及系统效率。研究结果表明:最小功率启动时,燃料电池的功率不足以维持辅机工作,需要外部电源提供差额功率;在散热良好条件下,额定功率时压缩机、散热器、循环水泵和氢气回流泵的功耗分别占电堆功率的12.3%,1.10%,0.70%,1.06%;用电效率、发电效率和系统效率分别为85.0%,54.1%,46.0%;随着电堆功率的增长,发电效率降低,用电效率和系统效率存在最优值。

Based on a 100 kW-fuel cell platform for the tram,the auxiliary power and the efficiency were studied.Through the three experiments of startup,steady-state and up/down loading,the power of auxiliary devices and the system efficiency were studied under different operating conditions.The results show that in the min-power startup test,the fuel cell is not enough to maintain the auxiliary devices work,and a external power source is required for the vacancy.Under good heat-dissipation and the rated power in fuel cell platform,the powers of compressor,radiator,circulating water-pump and hydrogen reflux pump account for 12.3%,1.10%,0.70%,and 1.06%of the stack power,respectively.At the same time,the power consumption efficiency,power generation efficiency,and system efficiency are 85.0%,54.1%,and 46.0%,respectively.As the stack power increases,the power generation efficiency is reduced but the power consumption efficiency and the system efficiency exist optimal values.