3种植物饲料对黏虫生长发育及饲喂蠋蝽效果的影响

Effect of Three Plant Fodders on the Growth,Development and Feeded Arma chinensis of Armyworms

[目的]分析玉米叶、白菜叶、小麦叶3种植物饲料饲养对黏虫生长发育、繁殖及饲喂蠋蝽的影响,为指导人工大规模饲养黏虫、蠋蝽,优化黏虫、蠋蝽饲养方案以及探索新的黏虫人工饲料配方提供理论支撑。[方法]采用室内人工饲养的方法,以人工饲料作为对照,比较3种植物饲料饲喂黏虫的生育历期、死亡率、化蛹率、羽化率、产卵量及饲养蠋蝽的生育历期、死亡率、平均取食量和单雌平均产卵量。[结果]白菜叶饲喂的黏虫生育历期为21.33 d,3龄以下死亡率低,黏虫化蛹率95.33%,羽化率73.81%,平均产卵量16.14粒/头;其饲喂的蠋蝽生育历期为23.67 d,活性与取食性较强,单雌平均产卵量为213.82粒/头达到人工饲料的85.44%;玉米叶饲喂的黏虫,在6龄以前生长发育速度较快,历期为18.33 d,死亡率较低,黏虫化蛹率99.61%,平均产卵量15.19粒/头;其饲喂的蠋蝽生长发育速度较快,活性与取食性强,单雌平均产卵量为223.95粒/头达到人工饲料的89.48%;两者都可以作为补充饲料。不同饲料饲喂黏虫作为猎物对蠋蝽的生长发育速度、活性与取食性以及单雌平均产卵量存在显著影响;植物饲料较人工饲料更适宜饲喂低龄黏虫,相应处理黏虫饲喂5龄以下蠋蝽的生长发育速度较快。[结论]以人工饲料饲喂的黏虫作为种源和蠋蝽成虫的猎物来源,同时以植物饲料饲喂的黏虫作为低龄蠋蝽猎物来源,便于更加快速扩大种群规模,降低蠋蝽繁育周期和繁育成本。

[Objective]The effects of three plant fodders,including maize leaf,cabbage leaf and wheat leaf,on the growth,development and feeded Arma chinensis of armyworms were analyzed.It aimed to offer and optimize solutions for artificially breeding armyworm and Arma chinensis,and finding new theoretical support of feed formula for armyworms.[Method]Indoor artificial feeding was adopted.Artificial fodder was used as a contrast.Compare the growth period,death rate,pupation rate,eclosion rate and egg-laying amount of armyworm by the three plant fodders,as well as growth period,death rate,average feeding amount and egg-laying amount by Arma chinensis.[Result]The growth period of armyworm by cabbage leaf was 20.67 days.The death rate was low below the age of three.The pupation rate and eclosion rate were 95.33%and 73.81%respectively.The average egg-laying amount was 16.14/worm.The growth period of Arma chinensis was 23.67 days,showing high levels of activity and eating patterns.The average egg-laying amount was 213.82/worm,accounting for 85.44%of the level by artificial fodder.For armyworm fed by maize leaf,it showed rapid growth before six years old about 18.33 days,low death rate,The pupation rate was 99.61%.The average egg-laying amount was 15.19/worm.The average egg-laying amount was 223.95/worm,accounting for 89.48%of the level by artificial fodder.Both of them can serve as supplementary fodders.Moreover,armyworms,fed by different fodders,had significant impacts on the growth rate,activity,feeding habit and average egg-laying amount of Arma chinensis.Plant fodders are more appropriate than artificial fodders to feed young armyworms.Correspondingly,Arma chinensis below five years old,fed by armyworms,demonstrated a relatively rapid rate of growth.[Conclusion]Armyworms fed by artificial fodders were used as the germplasm source and preys for Arma chinensis.In the meantime,armyworms fed by plant fodders were used as the preys for young Arma chinensis,in order to rapidly expand the population size,reduce the breeding period and cost.