高阶模高增益贴片天线的分析与设计综述

A review on analysis and design of high-gain patch antenna under high-order-mode operation

与基模贴片天线相比,高阶模贴片天线天然具有更大的电尺寸,故有利于实现高增益辐射.然而,高阶模贴片天线也存在副瓣高和带宽窄等缺陷.本文分析了采用高介电常数基板、寄生辐射抵消和缝隙加载3种主要的抑制高阶模贴片天线副瓣方法;针对高阶模贴片天线的阻抗带宽特性,评述近年来国内外关于双频和宽带高阶模贴片天线的主要研究成果;介绍多模谐振技术及滤波天线设计方法对改善高阶模贴片天线带宽的作用,指出未来高阶模贴片天线设计仍然面临阻抗带宽窄和天线邻模抑制问题.

Compared with the fundamental-mode patch antennas,high-order-mode patch antennas inherently possess much larger radiating size,so they are good candidates for high-gain radiation.However,these antennas usually suffer from several drawbacks,such as high sidelobe level,narrow bandwidth and so on.This paper analyzes three reported techniques for sidelobe suppression of the high-order-mode patch antennas,such as high dielectric constant substrate,filed superposition from parasitic patch,and slot loading on patch.As for bandwidth enhancement,dual-band and wideband high-order-mode patch antennas proposed in recent years are reviewed in detail,and it is demonstrated that the multi-mode technique and filtering antenna theory are effective for wideband design.Finally,the design challenges for future high-order-mode patch antennas in terms of narrow impedance bandwidth and antenna adjacent mode suppression are discussed.