金朝“民族”礼仪与“汉化亡国说”辨误

The Etiquette of Jin Dynasty and the Analysing of“Abandoning the Original Customs and Actively Sinicizing”

金朝“民族”礼仪主要分为三类,一是由特殊原因而创建的礼仪,不能归入“少数民族礼制”之内;二是女真族原有的跪拜礼和拜日礼,但也逐渐向汉制靠拢;三是继承契丹族的礼仪,如烧饭、射柳与汉制完全不同,确属“少数民族礼制”无疑。少数民族礼制与汉族礼制交融、分合,是中华传统礼制发展过程中的正常现象,金朝灭亡与“厌弃本俗,积极汉化”毫无关系。

the“national”etiquette of Jin Dynasty can be divided into three categories:first,the etiquette created by special reasons can not be included in the“minority etiquette system”;second,the original kneeling and sun worship rites of the Nuzhen nationality are gradually approaching the Han system;third,inheriting the etiquette of the Khitan nationality,such as cooking rice and shooting willows,which are totally different from the Han system,are undoubtedly“minority etiquette system”.It is a normal phenomenon in the development of Chinese traditional ritual system that the ritual system of ethnic minorities and Han nationality blend and merge.The extinction of Jin Dynasty has nothing to do with“abandoning the original customs and actively sinicizing”.