法藏的菩萨戒思想

On Fa-tsang’s Bodhisattva Precepts Thoughts

法藏将梵网菩萨戒作为其贯穿一生的宗教行持。他早年于岐州阿育王舍利塔燃指供养,既有当时盛行之燃指烧身等实践形式的影响,又是其依循《梵网经》菩萨戒的行持要求。法藏师从智俨并受其影响,提升了对《梵网经》的认识。法藏从释迦弥多罗受持菩萨戒,出家后又得到唐代帝后的尊崇。法藏于四十余岁时在魏国西寺撰作《梵网经疏》,早于其他创立华严宗的著作。在武后时期,法藏又于龙门擂鼓台主持雕凿表现华严系受戒思想的洞窟。中宗及睿宗时期,法藏又先后向皇帝传授梵网菩萨戒。法藏的梵网菩萨戒思想又影响到后来的慧苑、法诜以及澄观。

Fa-tsang regarded the Bodhisattva Precepts as his religious practice throughout his life.In his early years,Fa-tsang once burnt his fingers to make sacrifices to the Buddha at the King Asoka Stupa in Qizhou,which was not only influenced by the prevailing practice of burning fingers,but also in accordance with the Buddhist precepts in the Buddhist Net Sutra.Learning from and being influenced by Zhiyan,Fa-tsang improved his understanding of the Brahma Net Sutra.Fa-tsang received Bodhisattva Precepts from Sakyamitra,and was respected by the emperor and Empress of Tang Dynasty after he became a monk.Fa-tsang wrote a commentary on the Brahma Net Sutra in Weiguoxisi Temple in his forties,which was earlier than other works that founded Huayan sect.In the period of Wu Zetian,Fa-tsang presided over the carving of caves at Leigutai in Longmen to express the idea of Huayan discipline.In Zhongzong and Ruizong periods,Fa-tsang successively taught the emperor Bodhisattva Precepts.Thoughts of Bodhisattva Precepts influenced Huiyuan,Fashen and Chengguan later.