全面抗战时期国民政府推行的县级政区调整——以四川省第十一区专署为中心的考察

The Adjustment of County-level Administrative Areas Carried out by the Nationalist Government during the Period of Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War--An Investigation Centered on the 11th District Office of Sichuan Province

20世纪40年代初,为实行“新县制”,国民政府开始推行大规模的县级政区调整。四川省政府于1941年3月11日下达指令,核定四川省第十一区行政督察专员公署辖属各县应该调整的区域共44处,约占这一时期四川省政府核定调整县级政区总数的15.3%。对相关史实进行疏理和分析后,不难看出,全面抗战时期国民政府推行的县级政区调整具有几个显著的特点:一、县级政区调整主要针对两县交界地区的“插花地”“飞地”“嵌地”;二、县级政区调整致使纠纷迭起;三、县级政区调整过程中各种利益主体之间存在着复杂、多样的利益博弈。尽管四川省政府一再催促、强制执行,其时四川省各县推行县级政区调整的成效并不显著。四川作为抗战大后方和民族复兴的根据地,国民政府在四川推行的县级政区调整具有一定的代表性。

In the early 1940s,for the implementation of the"new county system"needs,the nationalist government began a large-scale restructuring of county-level administrative areas.The Sichuan provincial government issued a directive on March 11,1941,confirming that the office of the administrative supervision commissioner of the 11th district of Sichuan province had approved a total of 44 regions that should be adjusted in each county,accounting for about 15.3%of the total number of county-level administrative regions approved and adjusted by the Sichuan provincial government during this period.After sorting out and analyzing the related historical facts,it is not difficult to see that the adjustment of county-level administrative district at that time has several remarkable characteristics.First,the adjustment of county-level administrative district is mainly aimed at the"flower arrangement","enclave"and"embedded land"in the border area of two counties.Secondly,the adjustment of county-level government and district resulted in many disputes.Furthermore,there are complex and diversified interest games among various interest subjects in the process of the adjustment of county-level administrative areas.Despite repeated urging and enforcing by the Sichuan provincial government,the implementation of county-level administrative district adjustment in all counties was not effective.As the rear area of Anti-Japanese War and the base for national rejuvenation,the adjustment of county-level administrative areas carried out by the nationalist government in Sichuan is representative to some extent.