政治学视域下的先秦服饰制度演变

The evolution of Pre-Qin costume system from the perspective of political science

先秦服饰制度的形成和发展是一个历史演变过程。服饰在原始社会因蔽体御寒的需要而诞生,三皇五帝时期拥有了上衣下裳的固定形制以及区分尊卑的意蕴,在夏商周之后有了明确的等级划分,体现在形制、色彩、纹章、材质、配饰等方面,有着严格的规定和讲究。秦朝建立了稳定统一的中央集权后,先秦服饰制度作为一种特定的形式流传下来,其后虽有发展及其他元素的融入,但其基本形式依然与等级划分联系在一起。先秦服饰制度体现了当时人们的等级意识,在当时具有文明教化的进步意义。随着封建社会在近代的消亡,服饰制度不再具有区别尊卑贵贱的等级划分作用。

The formation and development of costume system in pre Qin Dynasty is a historical evolution process.Clothing was born in the primitive society because of people’s need to cover their body and to keep out the cold.During the period of the three kings and five emperors,there was a fixed form of upper garment and lower garment and clothes had the function of class distinction.After the dynaties of Xia,Shang and Zhou,there was a clear hierarchy in people’s clothing,which was reflected in the form,color,heraldry,material,accessories and other aspects,and all had strict regulations.After the Qin Dynasty established a stable and unified centralized state,its costume system also passed down as a specific form.Although there was development and integration of other elements,its basic form was still connected with classification.The costume system of the pre Qin Dynasty reflected people’s hierarchical consciousness at that time,which had the progressive significance of civilization and enlightenment.With the demise of the feudal society in modern times,the clothing system no longer has the function of distinguishing the superior from the inferior.