互联网融合、人力资本结构与制造业全要素生产率

Internet convergence,labor structure,and total factor productivity in manufacturing

互联网融合正推动制造业向数字化、网络化和智能化转型升级,是实现中国制造业高质量发展的重要路径。基于2009-2017年中国制造业上市公司数据,建立面板回归模型研究互联网融合对制造业全要素生产率的影响及作用机制,并检验了人力资本结构在这一影响过程中的调节效应。研究结果表明,制造业与互联网在技术层面和业务层面的融合提升了全要素生产率,主要是通过优化企业内部资本要素配置实现的;互联网融合与人力资本结构存在互补效应,高技能人才强化了互联网融合提升制造业全要素生产率和企业内部资本和劳动要素配置效率的作用;制造业与互联网融合在市场层面的融合程度低、质量差和高技能人才占比低、增速慢是当前中国存在的主要问题。研究结论从微观层面提供了互联网融合提升全要素生产率的直接证据,为推动制造业高质量发展提供了政策启示。

The internet convergence is driving the transition of manufacturing to digitalization,networking,and intelligence.It is animportant path to promote the high-quality development of Chinese manufacturing.Based on the data of Chinese manufacturing listed companies from 2009 to 2017,this paper establishes a panel regression model to study the influence of Internet convergence on the total factor productivity of the manufacturing and its mechanism,and examines the moderating effect of the labor structure.The research re-sults show that the convergence of manufacturing and Internet at the technical and business levels has improved total factor productivity,which is mainly achieved by optimizing the allocation of internal capital elements of enterprises.It also finds that Internet convergence and the labor structure have complementary effects,and the increase in the proportion of high-skilled labor strengthens the role of In-ternet convergence in improving the total factor productivity of manufacturing and the allocation efficiency of internal capital and laborfactor in enterprises.The main problem of China is that the convergence at the market level is low and the quality is poor,the propor-tion of highly skilled labor is low and the growth rate is slow.The research conclusions provide direct evidence from the micro level that Internet convergence improves total factor productivity,and provides policy inspiration for promoting high-quality development of man-ufacturing.