新冠肺炎疫情前后居民健康促进生活方式的变化和影响因素

Changes and influencing factors in health-promoting lifestyles of residents following the COVID-19

目的了解新冠肺炎疫情发生前后居民健康促进生活方式的状况及其影响因素。方法采用健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLP-Ⅱ)和一般资料调查表对567名居民进行问卷调查,分析其健康促进生活方式改变现状及影响因素。结果疫情发生前后居民健康促进生活方式总分分别为(132.64±25.29)分、(133.30±25.72)分,条目平均得分分别为(2.55±0.49)分、(2.56±0.50)分。6个维度中自我实现维度得分均最高,分别为(25.62±5.70)分、(25.55±5.73)分;运动锻炼维度得分均最低,分别为(17.46±5.10)分、(17.34±5.11)分。线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、职业、健康状况、营养和健康责任是影响居民疫情前后健康促进生活方式的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论新冠肺炎疫情发生前后,居民的健康促进生活方式均处于良好水平,但运动锻炼均相对较少。各级政府和部门应加强对低学历、老年人、合并基础性疾病等重点人群的健康教育工作。

Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of the health-promoting lifestyle among residents before and after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale-II(HPLP-Ⅱ)and general data questionnaire were used to investigate the changes in health-promoting lifestyles and its influencing factors among 567 residents.Results The total scores of the health-promoting lifestyles of the residents before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 were 132.64±25.29 points and 133.30±25.72 points,and the average scores of the items were 2.55±0.49 points and 2.56±0.50 points respectively.Among the six dimensions,the subscale self-realization ranked the highest,the scores were 25.62±5.70 and 25.55±5.73 respectively,and the lowest scores were all in the exercise dimension,the scores were 17.46±5.10 and 17.34±5.11 respectively.Linear regression showed that education level,occupation,health status,nutrition and health responsibility were the independent risk factors for health-promoting lifestyles among residents before and after the COVID-19(P<0.05).Conclusions The health-promoting lifestyles among residents were at a good level both before and after the outbreak of COVID-19,while both of them had a relatively low level of exercise.All levels of governments and departments should strengthen health education for the key populations such as those with low educational backgrounds,the elderly and those with underlying diseases.