从权利到地位:学生法律地位的法律追溯与权利保障

From Right to Status: Legal Retrospection and Rights Protection of Students’ Legal Status

学生的法律地位是教育法学研究的基本理论问题,也是我国教育法治进程中的重大实践问题。学生的权利与义务是学生法律地位的体现。基于现行教育法律关于学生权利义务的规定,可将学生的法律地位归纳概括为民法上的特殊民事主体和行政法上的特殊行政相对人。但当前学生受教育权的可诉性、程序性、公正性不足,有必要将受教育权的救济纳入行政司法审查的范围,对学生权利进行全面救济,并兼顾实体权利与程序权利,依法保障学生受教育权的实现。

The legal status of students is a basic theoretical issue in the study of educational law and a major practical issue in the process of educational law in China.Students’rights and obligations are the embodiment of students’legal status.Based on the current education law on student rights and obligations,the legal status of students can be summarized as a special civil subject in civil law and a special administrative counterpart in administrative law.At present,the students’right to education is deficient in litigation,procedures and justice.Therefore,it is necessary to bring the relief of the right to education into administrative and judicial review,to provide comprehensive relief to the rights of students,to take into account both substantive rights and procedural rights,and to guarantee the realization of the right to education of students according to law.