克拉玛依市玛依湖区不同土壤条件的植被生长状况及影响因子

Vegetation Growth and Its Influencing Factors under Different Soil Conditions in Mayi Lake Area of Kelamayi City

为了更好地建设玛依湖区外围生态屏障,以玛依湖区为研究对象,通过野外采样和室内分析,利用趋势法、反距离权重插值法分析了该区植被生长与土壤理化性质之间的关系。结果表明:(1)玛依湖区土壤重度盐渍化占37.25%,轻度盐渍化占30.28%,中度盐渍化占31.47%,轻度盐渍化土壤中植被NDVI值最大,植被生长较好,中度盐渍化土壤中归一化植被指数(NDVI)最小,植被生长受到抑制。(2)玛依湖区土壤以灰漠土为主,占总面积的33.49%,其次是草甸土,占总面积的21.17%,其他类型的土壤占比较少。不同土壤类型植被的生长状况差异明显,沼泽土的NDVI值最大,植被生长最好,风沙土的NDVI值最小,植被受到较强的抑制性。(3)由于地下水位的变化,越靠近湖区地下水位越高,NDVI值越大,植被生长越好,随着与湖区距离的增加,地下水位逐渐降低,植物可利用的水资源逐渐较少,植被受到干旱胁迫,影响植被正常生长,NDVI值越来越小。(4)玛依湖区阴坡和阳坡植被的生长状况差异不显著,植被生长状况受磷、氮、钾和有机质质量分数以及pH的影响更大,受分形维数和盐分的影响较小。

In order to provide scientific basis for the construction of peripheral shelter forest and the rational development of resources in Mayi Lake, the vegetation growth in different soil environments in Mayi Lake area was analyzed by means of field sampling and indoor analysis using trend method and inverse distance weight interpolation. The results showed that:(1)Severe salinization accounted for 37.25%, mild salinization accounted for 30.28%, and moderate salinization accounted for 31.47%. NDVI value of vegetation in mild salinization soil was the highest, vegetation growth was good, while NDVI value of vegetation in moderate salinization soil was the lowest, and vegetation growth was inhibited.(2)Grey desert soil accounts for 33.49% of the total area, followed by meadow soil, which accounts for 21.17%. Other types of soil account for less. The growth status of vegetation of different soil types is obviously different. The NDVI value of marsh soil is the largest, the vegetation grows best, and the NDVI value of sandstorm soil is the smallest, and the vegetation is subject to strong inhibition.(3)Due to the change of groundwater level, the closer to the lake area, the higher the groundwater level, the greater the NDVI value, and the better the vegetation growth. With the increase of distance from the lake area, the groundwater level gradually decreases, and the available water resources for plants are gradually reduced. Vegetation is subjected to drought stress, which affects the normal growth of vegetation, and the NDVI value becomes smaller and smaller.(4)There was no significant difference between the growth status of vegetation on the shady slope and the sunny slope in The Mayi Lake Area. The growth status of vegetation was more affected by the content of phosphorus, nitrogen, pH, potassium and organic matter, but less affected by fractal dimension and salinity.