无机晶须在塑料中的应用

Application of Inorganic Whiskers in Plastics

无机晶须由于具有特殊的物理性质及性能,得到众多研究者的重视,将无机晶须作为一种添加剂填充到塑料、陶瓷和金属中制备得到复合材料,能提高复合材料的力学性能。目前,对于无机晶须的研究多数集中在通过改变实验条件调节晶须的粒径和长径比,从而制备粒径较小、长径比范围较大的晶须。文章研究并分析了一些常见的无机晶须在高分子塑料的应用,着重总结了四角状氧化锌晶须在阻尼、抗静电、介电性能、吸波等前沿领域中的应用。并且提出了需要继续研究新型稀土无机晶须,扩展无机晶须在新领域中的应用,以聚乳酸为例的可降解塑料替代传统塑料的研究可能会成为未来高分子塑料发展的重点方向。

Inorganic whiskers because of its special physical properties and performance attention by many researchers.Filling inorganic whiskers as an additive into plastics,ceramics and metals to prepare composite materials can improve the mechanical properties of composite materials.At present,most of the researches focus on adjusting the particle size and aspect ratio of the whiskers by changing the experimental conditions,to prepare whiskers with smaller particle diameters and a larger range of aspect ratios.the application of some common inorganic whiskers in polymer plastics was analyzed,and the application of the T-ZnOw in frontier domains such as damping,antistatic,dielectric properties,and wave absorption was researched.At the same time,it was present that the research of new rare earth inorganic whiskers and the development of new application fields of inorganic whiskers.The research of polylactic acid as an example to replace traditional plastics may become the focus of future development of polymer plastics.