微乳液作为油气增产助剂的研究及应用进展

Research and application progress of the microemulsion additives applied to oil&gas stimulation

微乳液的粒径在100 nm以内,包含多种类型,具有粒径小、界面张力低、增溶能力强、热力学稳定等特点,液滴破裂后能够将有效物质输送到界面处发挥作用。可通过研究相图、进行正交实验和构建数学模型等方法确定最佳配比。国内外将微乳液用于化学驱油、洗油解堵、压裂液助排和渗吸置换等领域,均取得了较好的效果。微乳液作为重要的油气增产助剂,能够为非常规油气的高效开采提供新思路,具有广阔的应用前景,应加强高效、低廉、环保微乳液的研发和增产机理的研究,使其更好的应用于实际生产。

The particle size of microemulsion is less than 100 nm,including many types.The microemulsion has the characteristics of small particle size,low interfacial tension,strong solubilizing ability,and thermodynamic stability,etc.The effective material can be transported to the interface after the droplet broken.The optimum ratio can be determined by studying phase diagram,carrying out orthogonal experiment design and constructing mathematical model.At home and abroad,microemulsion have been used in the fields of chemical flooding,fracturing fluid cleanup,reservoir repair and imbibition,and has achieved good results.As an important additive for oil&gas stimulation,microemulsion can provide a new idea for the efficient exploitation of unconventional oil and gas,and have wide application prospects.So it is necessary to strengthen the research of high efficiency,low cost and environmental protection microemulsion and its stimulation mechanism,so that it can be better applied to practical production.