人工髋关节置换术患者下肢深静脉血栓形成危险因素分析

Risk factors of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in patients with the artificial hip replacement

目的回顾性分析人工髋关节置换术患者发生下肢深静脉血栓情况,并分析相关危险因素。方法选取行人工髋关节置换术的1190例患者临床资料,从中筛选出术后发生下肢深静脉血栓的14例患者作为病例组;按照1∶4的比例进行配比,选择未发生下肢深静脉血栓的56例患者作为对照组。收集患者年龄、性别、既往史、关节置换类型、麻醉方式等资料,分析下肢深静脉血栓发生的危险因素。结果单因素分析结果表明,年龄60岁以上、合并高血压、术前合并下肢静脉病和全髋关节置换患者术后下肢深静脉血栓的发生率较高(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,合并高血压、术前合并下肢静脉病变是髋关节置换术后形成下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素。结论在临床工作中应及时评估下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素,给予预见性及针对性干预,以减少深静脉血栓形成的发生率。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the incidence of the lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT)in patients with the artificial hip replacement,and to analyze the risk factors of thrombosis.Methods The clinical data of 1190 patients with artificial hip replacement were retrieved,and 14 patients with LEDVT were selected as case group.56 patients without LEDVT were selected as control group according to the ratio of 1∶4.The data of age,gender,previous history,type of joint replacement and anesthesia method were collected..Result Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of LEDVT after the artificial hip replacement was higher in patients over 60 years old with hypertension and preoperative complications of lower extremity venous lesions(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension and lower extremity venous lesions were risk factors for the formation of LEDVT after hip replacement.Conclusion The risk factors of LEDVT should be evaluated in time in clinical work,and predictive and targeted intervention strategies should give to reduce the incidence of LEDVT.