外泌体在药物成瘾中的作用研究进展

Research progress in role of exosomes in drug addiction

药物成瘾是一个日益严重的医学和社会问题,由于药物成瘾机制尚未完全阐明,目前临床上缺乏有效的干预手段。外泌体为细胞分泌的微小囊泡,作为一种新型的细胞间交流方式,易透过血脑屏障,在多种中枢神经系统疾病中发挥重要作用,但外泌体在药物成瘾方面的研究还相对不足。本文简述外泌体在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用,并以成瘾性精神活性物质分类(包括阿片类、苯丙胺类、可卡因、酒和烟草),对外泌体在药物成瘾中的神经生物学机制、潜在治疗手段及诊断候选生物标志物等方面的研究进展进行综述,以期为药物成瘾机制的研究和诊断治疗提供新思路。

Drug addiction is an increasingly serious medical and social problem.As the mechanism of drug addiction has not been fully elucidated,there is a lack of effective clinical interventions.Exosomes are smal vesicles released by cel s.As a novel model of intercel ular communication,exosomes can cross the blood-brain barrier and play an important role in many diseases of the central nervous system.However,the study of exosomes related to drug addiction remains relatively insufficient.This paper briefly describes the role of exosomes in central nervous system diseases,and reviews the research progress in exosomes and their contents in opioids,amphetamines,cocaine and other addictive psychoactive substances from the perspectives of neurobiological mechanism,potential treatment and diagnostic candidate biomarkers.It is expected to provide new ideas for the study of the mechanism of drug addiction and the diagnosis and treatment of drug addiction.