城乡关系视域下的杨村乡村建设实验析论(1931—1937)

Study on Rural Development Experiments in Yangcun Village from the Perspective of Urban-rural Relationship(1931-1937)

近代以来,随着中国工业化、城市化的持续推进,城乡关系也发生了前所未有的剧烈变动。在20世纪20-30年代为数众多的乡村建设实验中,有一些实验临近大城市且与其有较多的交流与合作,能够在一定程度上体现出城乡关系的变动。在这些实验中,由河北省立实验乡村民众教育馆于1931-1937年间在临近京、津两大城市的武清县杨村进行的乡村建设实验是一个典型。期间,胡勤业、王镜铭等人比较清晰地揭示了"以生计教育为中心"与乡村建设、民族复兴之间的关系,并将其思想认识付诸实践,在指导合作事业、实施合作教育(合作训练)、组织农产展览会、进行农产推广等方面取得了明显成效,形成了两个重要特征。从城乡关系视域对河北省立实验乡村民众教育馆的建设实验及其意义进行思考和总结,不仅有助于丰富关于近代中国乡村建设的认识,而且对当代中国乡村振兴战略的推进具有一定的启示意义。

Since modern times,the relationship between urban and rural areas has undergone unprecedented dramatic changes along with the continuous development of industrialization and urbanization in China. From many Rural Construction experiments in 1920 s and 1930 s, we can observe the urban-rural relationship changes,close to big cities and have more communication and cooperation. And Yangcun Village rural construction experiments was an example which conducted by Hebei Provincial Experimental Rural Public Education Center in Yangcun Village,Wuqing County, close to Beijing and Tianjin during the period of 1931 to 1937. At that time, Hu Qinye,Wang Jingming and others clearly revealed the relationship between"Livelihood education as the center"and Rural Construction & national rejuvenation, and they tried to put their ideas into practices. Then remarkable achievements had gained in guiding cooperative business,cooperative education(cooperative training),organizing agricultural exhibitions, and promoting agricultural products. And two important characteristics had come into being. From the perspective of the relationship between urban and rural areas,this paper is helpful to enrich the understanding of Rural Construction in modern China,and also to promote the strategy of Rural Revitalization in contemporary China as well.