工业企业助力中国经济高质量发展了吗?——基于952家上市企业的实证研究

Have Industrial Enterprises Contributed to the High-Quality Development of China's Economy?——An Empirical Study Based on 952 Listed Enterprises

以2010—2017年中国952家工业上市企业为样本,在分析工业企业发展与经济质量之间的理论关联基础上,通过构建工业企业发展水平综合评价指标体系,引入居民消费水平、人力资本水平、政府行为、对外开放程度作为控制变量,建立半参数回归模型,系统分析工业企业发展与经济质量二者之间的非线性关系,并进一步考虑技术创新、产业集聚对二者的调节效应。结果表明:第一,工业企业发展与经济质量之间呈“M”形非线性、振荡关系。促进经济高质量发展的工业企业发展综合评价指标最优区间为[0.76,6.03]。第二,工业企业发展对于经济高质量发展的作用存在行业、地区层面的差异性。劳动密集型企业对于经济高质量发展的影响明显复杂于技术密集型企业;此外,中西部地区工业企业发展水平提高短期内反而会因产业竞争等因素对经济高质量发展产生抑制作用。第三,考虑技术创新能力、行业内集聚效应的调节作用时,工业企业发展对经济高质量发展的促进作用即被加大。

Taking 952 listed industrial enterprises in China from 2010 to 2017 as samples,based on the analysis of the theoretical correlation between the development of industrial enterprises and economic quality,by constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of the development level of industrial enterprises,introducing the consumption level of residents,the level of human capital,government behavior and the degree of opening to the outside world as control variables,a semi-parametric regression model is established to systematically analyze the non-linear relationship between the development level of industrial enterprises and economic quality.Further consideration is also given to the moderating effects of technological innovation and industrial agglomeration on the development level of industrial enterprises and economic quality.The results show that:firstly,the relationship between the development of industrial enterprises and economic quality is M-type,which is non-linear and concussive.The optimum interval of comprehensive evaluation index of industrial enterprise development to promote high-quality economic development is[0.76,6.03].Secondly,the role of industrial enterprise development in high-quality economic development varies from different industries and regions.The impact of labor-intensive enterprises on high-quality economic development is obviously more complex than that of technology-intensive enterprises.In addition,the improvement of the development level of industrial enterprises in the central and western regions will,in the short run,inhibit the development of high-quality economic because of industrial competition and other factors.Thirdly,considering the regulatory role of technological innovation capability and industrial agglomeration effect,the role of industrial enterprise development in promoting high-quality economic development is enhanced.