农村生活污水处理现状及其方法研究

Study of the Current Situation and Methods of Rural Domestic Sewage Treatment

农村水环境在自然资源中占有非常重要的地位,始终是环境领域研究的重点和难点.然而,随着我国社会经济的飞速发展,农村的水污染问题越来越严重,逐渐威胁着农民的生活和健康.笔者对山东省农村水污染进行了调研分析,报告了该地区农村水污染现状,针对该地区生活污水比较分散、总量庞大的特点,采取以各个村庄为基本单元的分散处理方法.通过对山东省济南市莱城区瀛汶河流域8个村庄生活污水中六种主要污染物数据的分析研究,统计出该地区六种主要污染物各自的平均含量:化学需氧量为197.83 mg/L、总氮为113.26 mg/L、总磷为7.55 mg/L、氨氮为85.89 mg/L、SS为81.43 mg/L、BOD5为6.77 mg/L;然后与每个村庄污水中六种主要污染物的含量进行比较,转化成一个二分类问题(计算出该地区主要污染物的平均含量,把高于平均含量的村庄分为一类,把低于平均含量的分为一类);最后再根据各个村庄污水的特点进行分类处理.

The rural water environment plays a very important role in natural resources,which is always the focus and difficulty in the field of environmental research.However,with the rapid development of China's social economy,the problem of rural water pollution is becoming more and more serious,which gradually threatens the life and health of farmers.Based on the investigation and analysis of rural water pollution in Shandong Province,the current situation of rural water pollution in this area has been reported.According to the characteristics of relatively scattered domestic sewage and huge total amount in this area,the decentralized treatment policy with each village as the basic unit is adopted.Based on the analysis of the data of six main pollutants in the domestic sewage of eight villages in Ying Wen River Basin,Lai Cheng District Jinan City Shandong Province,the average contents of six main pollutants in this area are calculated:chemical oxygen demand 197.83 mg/l,total nitrogen 113.26 mg/l,total phosphorus 7.55 mg/l,ammonia nitrogen 85.89 mg/l,SS 81.43 mg/l,BOD56.77 mg/l,and then six pollutants in each village sewage The contents of the main pollutants have been compared and transformed into a two classification problem(calculate the average content of the main pollutants in this area,divide the villages with higher than average content into one category,and divide the villages with lower than average content into one category).Finally,according to the characteristics of each village sewage,the classification treatment has been dealt.