传染病防治法律之比较研究:兼谈我国《传染病防治法》修改

Comparative study on the laws of infectious disease prevention and control:On the improvement of Law of the People's Republic of China on prevention and control of infectious diseases

梳理国际上传染病防治立法具有代表性的国家,并从这些国家的立法模式、预防机制、预警及控制机制等多个方面进行比较研究。此次新冠肺炎疫情防控期间,《传染病防治法》发挥了非常重要的作用,但同时也暴露出一些短板和不足,亟待修改和完善。借鉴有关国家传染病防控的立法及实践经验,就进一步健全完善《传染病防治法》提出改革建议,包括建立生产与物资、应急能力储备制度,细化流行病调查制度,赋予应急指挥机构特定权限,完善权利保障条款等。

This paper summarizes infectious disease prevention and control legislations of representative countries in the world and makes a comparative study from the legislative mode,prevention mechanism,early warning and control mechanism.During the battle of anti-epidemic of COVID-19,the Law of China on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases has played a very important role.Meanwhile,it also exposed some shortcomings which need to be revised and improved urgently.Based on the relevant national legislation and practical experience of infectious disease prevention and control,this paper puts forward reform suggestions on further improvement the Law of the People's Republic of China on prevention and control of infectious diseases,including establishing the reserve system of production and materials and emergency capacity,refining the epidemic investigation system,giving the emergency command organization specific authority,and improving the provisions of rights protection.