柳州地区自产大米中镉、铅和砷污染状况及其健康风险评价

Cadmium,lead and arsenic pollution and health risk assessment of rice produced in Liuzhou area

目的了解柳州农村地区自产大米中镉、铅、砷污染水平及对人体健康危害的风险评价。方法在柳州市六县(区)内随机采集乡村农户家种食大米样品共132份,对镉、铅和砷含量进行检测。采用单因子污染评价指数评价大米镉、铅和砷等污染状况;应用危险商(HQ)对成年居民食用大米的健康风险进行评价。结果所采集大米样品中有18.0%(19/132)镉含量超标,1.5%(2/132)铅含量超标,砷含量未见超标。各县(区)组间比较,镉含量和砷含量差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),铅含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各县(区)大米的镉单因子污染评价指数最高为1.26,属轻污染,铅和砷的单因子污染评价指数属优良状况。对所采集大米进行HQ评价,结果显示均为风险较低。结论柳州农村地区自产大米中镉有轻度污染,但其引起的健康风险不明显。

Objective To understand the levels of heavy metals in rice of Liuzhou,and to conduct the health risk assessment.Methods A total of 132 rice samples were randomly collected from 6 rural rice producing area in Liuzhou City,and the contents of cadmium,lead and arsenic in the samples were determined.Single factor contaminant index method was used to evaluate the heavy metal contamination in rice.The Health Quotient(H Q)was adopted to assess the health risk caused by heavy metals through diet way.Results The content of cadmium in 19 rice samples among 132(18.0%)was over the threshold of cadmium,2 samples among 132(1.5%)were of over the threshold of lead,the content of arsenic in 132 rice samples of arsenic.There was statistical significance on the difference between cadmium and arsenic in rice among 6 rural areas(P<0.05),and there was no statistical significance on the difference of lead content in rice among 6 rural areas(P>0.05).The outcome of single factor contaminant index implied slight cadmium contaminant in rice,and the highest cadmium single factor contaminant index in 6 rural areas was 1.26.No pollution risks of lead and arsenic were found.The result of HQ showed that there was lower risk of rice from the above heavy metals.Conclusion There was mild cadmium contamination in rice of Liuzhou rural area,but the health risk is lower.