2018年西安地区在岗工人职业健康检查结果分析

Analysis of occupational health examination results among on-the-job workers in Xi’an,2018

目的分析西安地区在岗工人职业健康状况,为职业病防治提供参考。方法对2018年接触粉尘、噪音、化学品及高温危害因素进行职业健康检查的58家企业的2040例在岗工人的职业健康检查数据进行统计分析。结果2040例职业健康检查者,血压异常280例,血常规异常294例,尿常规异常282例,肝功能异常434例,心电图异常526例,电测听异常150例,肺功能异常27例,胸片异常46例。接触噪声高温工人血压、尿常规和电测听异常率(19.3%,26.4%和18.4%)明显高于其他组,接触粉尘工人肝功能和肺功能异常率(31.9%和3.1%)最高,接触粉尘化学品工人血常规和心电图异常率(22%和31%)最高。随着年龄工龄增加,血压、肺功能、胸片及电测听异常率增高,而肝功能异常率降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论西安地区在岗工人职业健康有较大风险,应加强职业防护措施,特别是接触噪声高温工人的重点防护,保障工人职业健康。

Objective To analyze the occupational health status of on-the-job workers in Xi'an area,and to provide reference for occupational disease prevention.Methods The occupational health examination data of 2040 on-the-job workers in 58 enterprises exposed to dust,noise,chemicals and high temperature hazards in 2018 were analyzed.Results Among 2040 occupational health examiners,there were 280 cases of abnormal blood pressure,294 cases of abnormal blood routine,282 cases of abnormal urine routine,434 cases of abnormal liver function,526 cases of abnormal electrocardiogram,150 cases of abnormal audiometry,27 cases of abnormal pulmonary function and 46 cases of abnormal chest X-ray.The abnormal rates of blood pressure,urine routine and electroaudiometry(19.3%,26.4%and 18.4%)of workers exposed to noise and high temperature were significantly higher than those of other groups.The abnormal rates of liver function and lung function(31.9%and 3.1%)of workers exposed to dust and chemicals were the highest,and the abnormal rates of blood routine and electrocardiogram(22%and 31%)of workers exposed to dust and high temperature were the highest.The abnormal rate of blood pressure,pulmonary function,chest X-ray and electroaudiometry increased with age,while the abnormal rate of liver function decreased,amd the differences were statistical significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The occupational health of on-the-job workers is at great risk in Xi’an area.It is necessary to strengthen occupational protection measures,especially for workers exposed to noise and high temperature,so as to ensure their occupational health.