不同育肥阶段荷斯坦阉牛亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(SARA)发病情况及相关指标分析

Morbidity of subacute ruminal acidosis and analysis of several related indexes in different fattening stages of Holstein steers

为调查黑龙江某肉牛育肥场荷斯坦阉牛育肥前期、中期和后期3个不同育肥阶段亚急性瘤胃酸中毒(SARA)的发病情况及相关辅助检测指标的变化。选用6月龄荷斯坦阉牛30头,测定3个育肥阶段荷斯坦阉牛瘤胃液pH值及血清中谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLO)、甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC),并计算各阶段平均日增重(ADG)。结果显示,荷斯坦阉牛育肥前期、中期、后期轻度SARA的发病率分别为50%,40%和20%,中度SARA发病率分别为20%,40%和80%。育肥后期荷斯坦阉牛肝功指标GGT活性极显著高于前期和中期(P<0.01);3个阶段荷斯坦阉牛肝功ALT活性依次升高,且组间差异极显著(P<0.01);育肥后期荷斯坦阉牛肝功AST活性显著高于前期和中期(P<0.05);育肥中期和后期荷斯坦阉牛血清ALB含量显著低于前期(P<0.05);育肥后期血清GLO含量极显著高于前期和中期(P<0.01)。育肥后期荷斯坦阉牛能量代谢指标血清TG含量极显著高于中期(P<0.01),显著高于前期(P<0.05);育肥后期荷斯坦阉牛能量代谢指标血清TC含量极显著高于前期和中期(P<0.01)。结果表明,3个阶段荷斯坦阉牛均存在患SARA风险,育肥后期SARA病情加深,肝功指标、血清蛋白和血脂水平也会发生明显变化;患SARA严重的荷斯坦阉牛可能会降低增重水平。因此,牛场应提高对SARA的关注,根据不同育肥阶段指标变化合理搭配饲粮,做好瘤胃保健工作,防止继发其他疾病,实现肉牛产业提质增效。

To analyze the incidence of subacute rumen acidosis(SARA)and changes of related index of Holstein steers in three different fattening stages in a beef fattening farm of Heilongjiang.Thirty Holstein steers aged 6 months were selected,and the pH value of rumen fluid and serum levels of GGT,ALT,AST,ALP,TP,ALB,GLO,TG and TC were measured in three fattening stages,and the average daily gain(ADG)of each stages was calculated.In earlier,middle and later fattening stages,the incidence rates of mild SARA were 50%,40%,20%,respectively,and moderate SARA was 20%,40%,80%,respectively.The liver function index of GGT activity in the later fattening stage was extremely significantly higher than that in the earlier and middle fattening stages(P<0.01);The liver function index of ALT activity was increased in turn,and extremely significantly in the each fattening stages(P<0.01);The liver function index AST activity in the later fattening stages was significantly higher than that in the earlier and middle(P<0.05);The serum ALB concentrations in the middle and later fattening stages was significantly lower than that in the earlier(P<0.05);The serum GLO concentrations in the later fattening stage was extremely significantly higher than that in the earlier and middle fattening stage(P<0.01).The energy metabolism index TG concentrations in the later fattening stages was extremely significantly higher than that in the middle fattening stages(P<0.01),and significantly higher than earlier fattening stages(P<0.05);The energy metabolism index concentrations of TC in the later fattening stages was extremely significantly higher than that in the earlier and middle fattening stages(P<0.01).Holstein steers have the risk of SARA at all three fattening stages.In the later fattening stage,the condition of SARA will become worse,and liver function indexes,serum proteins and blood lipid concentrations will also change significantly.Severe SARA may result in lower body weight gain in Holstein steers.Therefore,the cattle farm should increase the concern about SARA,reasonably match diet nutrient balance according to the changes of indexes at different fattening periods,and make good rumen health care to prevent the secondary occurrence of other diseases,so as to improve the quality and efficiency of the beef industry.