危险化学品装置与居民区安全距离的确定

IDENTIFICATION OF SAFE DISTANCES BETWEEN HAZARDOUS CHEMICAL INSTALLATIONS AND RESIDENTIAL AREAS

危险化学品装置大多具有易燃、易爆、易中毒、高温、高压、腐蚀等危险特性,一旦发生爆炸、火灾和中毒事故,会对装置周边的居民区造成严重影响。以某LNG加气站为例,利用安全间距法、基于事故后果计算确定安全防护距离法和外部安全防护距离计算法确定该加气站LNG储罐装置与居民区的安全距离。通过综合比较3种方法的分析结果,为危险化学品生产储存装置的选址、安全距离的确定及风险评价提供技术指导。

Most of the hazardous chemicals production units have some hazardous characteristics because of their production of flammable,explosive,toxic,and corrosive products in high temperature and high pressure working environment.Therefore,once there are major explosions,fires and poisoning accidents,will cause serious consequences to the residential areas around the devices.Taking certain LNG refueling station as an example,the safety distance method,the safety distance method based on calculation of accident consequences and the external safety protection distance calculation method are adopted to determine the safety distance between the LNG storage tank device and the residential areas.Through comprehensive analysis on the results of the three methods,this paper provides some technical guidance for the location selection,safety distance determination and risk evaluation of hazardous chemicals production units and storage installations.