物联网非均匀分布节点随机多址接入协议设计

Design of Random Multiple Access Protocol for Non-Uniformly Distributed Nodes in Internet of Things

针对传统多址接入协议存在能量消耗过大、接入时延较长等问题,提出物联网非均匀分布节点随机多址接入协议设计。根据不同半径宽度将物联网区域划分为多个同心圆,在物联网节点非均匀分布特点基础上,获取各圆环区域中不同密度的节点分布;采用分簇结构完成圆环区域内所有节点的簇分类,通过使各圆环中节点能耗均值为最小值,优化物联网能量利用率;依据节点初始能量与物联网面积以及活跃状态节点个数,推算出各节点生存时长,划分物联网不同宽度圆环区域,对非均匀节点分布策略进行创建;引入二叉树冲突分解隔离算法,对发生冲突节点实施分解,使其被重新发送;应用射频芯片、微控制器以及扩展存储器等,完成随机多址接入协议的整体架构设计。仿真结果表明:所提协议不仅接入时延较短,而且提高了网络吞吐量,性能较为理想。

In this article,a random multiple access protocol for non-uniform distribution node in the Internet of things was designed.According to different radii,the IOT region was divided into several concentric circles.Based on the characteristics of non-uniform distribution of IOT nodes,the node distribution with different densities in each ring area was obtained.Then,the clustering structure was used to complete the cluster classification of all nodes in the circular ring region.The IOT energy utilization rate was optimized by minimizing the average energy consumption of nodes in each ring.According to the initial energy of node,the area of Internet of things and the number of active nodes,the survival time of node was calculated,and the ring regions with different width were classed.Furthermore,the strategy of non-uniform node distribution was established.The binary tree conflict resolving algorithm was intro-duced to decompose the conflict nodes,and thus to resend them.Finally,the RF chip,microcontroller and extended memory were used to complete the architecture design of random multiple access protocol.Simulation results show that the proposed protocol not only has shorter access delay,but also improves network throughput,so its performance is ideal.