地方政府数据开放平台发展模式及绩效差异

Development Modes and Performance Difference of Local Government Data Open Platform

政府数据开放平台发展模式及其绩效差异分析对于加速建成开放“数林”具有重要意义。本文综合运用聚类分析、数据包络分析及单因素方差分析等方法,基于62个地方政府数据开放平台的相关数据,从外部环境与组织能力两个维度建构政府数据开放平台发展模式分析框架,并比较不同发展模式间的绩效差异。研究发现:我国数据开放平台建设过程中存在环境促进—部门协调型、环境促进—领导驱动型、环境制约—部门协调型及环境制约—领导驱动型四类发展模式;不同平台发展模式的绩效存在显著差异,其中领导驱动要素对开放平台绩效影响最为显著。政府数据开放平台建设可重点关注发展模式,以组织能力提升为关键,通过强化领导驱动和完善职责体系,实现数据开放平台建设的纵深突破。

The analysis and summary of development modes and performance difference of the government data open platform is of great significance for accelerating the establishment of the open“data forest”.In this paper,cluster analysis,data envelopment analysis and one-way ANOVA are comprehensively used,based on the relevant data of 62 government data open platforms,to construct the analytical framework of the development mode of government data open platform from two dimensions including external environment and organizational competence,and compare the performance differences between different development modes.It has been discovered that there are four development modes of government data open platform in China,including Environment-Promoted and Department-Coordinating(P-D),Environment-Promoted and Leadership-Driven(P-L),Environment-Restricted and Department-Coordinating(R-D)and Environment-Restricted and Leadership-Driven(R-L).And there are significant differences in the performance of different development modes,among which the leadership-driven factors have the most significant impact on the performance.The construction of government data open platform can focus on the development modes,taking the improvement of organizational competence as the key point,strengthening the role of leadership-driven and perfecting the responsibility system,so as to realize the in-depth breakthrough of government data open.