欧洲民意对欧盟移民与庇护政策的影响――基于欧洲移民危机的分析

Influence of European Public Opinion on the EU Immigration and Asylum Policies:An Analysis of the European Immigration Crisis

在有关欧洲移民问题的研究中,存在着忽视和重视民意对欧盟移民与庇护政策影响的两种倾向。2015年以来欧盟应对移民危机的政策表明,民意对其影响不容忽视。欧洲移民危机发生后,欧盟民众对移民问题越来越重视,对移民群体的威胁认知程度也不断上升。欧盟民众对移民问题的态度,既对塑造欧盟成员国的移民政策偏好发挥了重要作用,同时也是其政策制定的重要参考标准。理解民意对欧盟移民与庇护政策的影响,对于把握两者的关系和认识欧洲一体化态势,都具有十分重要的意义。

In the study of immigration in Europe,there are two trends of ignoring and attaching importance to the influence of public opinion on the EU immigration and asylum policies.As the policies adopted by the EU to deal with the immigration crisis since 2015 show,the influence of public opinion on such policies cannot be ignored.Since the European immigration crisis occurred,the EU public has attached growing importance to the immigration issue,and their perceptions of threats from immigrant groups have also been on the rise.Public attitudes on the immigration issue within the EU have not only played an important role in shaping policy preferences of member states toward the immigrants,but also served as a major reference standard for their policy-making.Understanding the influence of public opinion on the EU immigration and asylum policies is of great significance for us to grasp the relations between them,and understand the situation of European integration.