基于压电纤维复合材料变形机翼结构设计和实验研究

Structural Design and Experiment of Morphing Wings With Macro Fiber Composites

为了改善现有机械式变形机翼结构气动效率较低的缺点,以压电纤维复合材料(marco-fiber composite,MFC)为驱动器,碳纤维增强复合材料为承重件,设计了一种可实现机翼后缘连续光滑变形的智能机翼.基于实验通过改变电压大小研究了MFC在直流电载荷下机翼的变形能力,改变交流电及横向激励幅值、频率等参数研究了机翼受气动载荷下的动态特性.结果表明,变形机翼后缘偏转角与驱动电压近似成正比关系,最大偏转角为4.7°,外侧机翼振动幅值均大于内侧机翼,动态稳定性弱于内侧.研究为压电材料驱动变形机翼的结构设计和动态实验研究提供参考.

To improve the low aerodynamic efficiency of existing mechanical deformed wing structures,an intelligent wing with continuous smooth deformation of trailing edge was designed.The marco-fiber composite(MFC)was used as drives,and the carbon fiber reinforced composites were applied as the supporting part.Based on the experiment,the deformation ability of the wing under the direct current load was investigated by changing the voltages.The dynamic characteristics of the wing were investigated by changing the amplitudes and frequencies of alternating current(AC)and transverse excitations.Results show that the deflection angle of the trailing edge of the wing is approximately proportional to the driving voltage,and the maximum deflection angle is 4.7°.The vibration amplitudes of the outer wing part are larger than that of the inner part,and the stability of the outer wing part is weaker than that of the inner side.This study provides a reference for the structural design and dynamic experimental study of the deformed wing driven by piezoelectric materials.