小组活动式健康教育对冠心病患者社会支持及自我管理行为的影响

Influence of group-activity health education on social support and self-management behaviour in patients with coronary heart disease

目的探讨小组活动式健康教育对冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)患者社会支持及自我管理行为的影响。方法将2018年1—8月收治的67例冠心病PCI后患者设为试验组,2017年6—12月收治的61例冠心病PCI后患者设为对照组。对照组给予常规健康教育,试验组在对照组基础上联合应用小组活动式健康教育。随访6个月,比较2组社会支持、自我管理行为、生活质量及预后。结果随访6个月时,试验组患者主观支持、客观支持、社会支持利用度、社会支持总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组患者不良嗜好管理、症状管理、疾病知识管理、治疗依从性管理评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);试验组患者躯体受限程度、心绞痛稳定性、治疗满意度、疾病认知程度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组心血管事件发生率、再入院率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论小组活动式健康教育能够提高冠心病PCI后患者的社会支持水平,促进自我管理行为的养成,改善患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the influence of group-activity health education on social support and self-management behaviour in coronary heart disease patients with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods Totally 67 patients with coronary heart disease after PCI from January to August 2018 were selected as experimental group,and 61 coronary heart disease patients after PCI from June to December 2017 were selected as control group.The control group was given routine health education,and the experimental group was given group-activity health education on the basis of the control group.After 6 months of follow-up,the social support,self-management behaviour,quality of life and prognosis were compared between the two groups.Results After 6 months of follow-up,the scores of subjective support,objective support,social support utilization and total social support in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the scores of adverse hobby management,symptom management,disease knowledge management and therapeutic compliance management in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the scores of physical limitation,angina stability,therapeutic satisfaction degree and disease cognition in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of cardiovascular events and readmission rate in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Group-activity health education can improve the social support level of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI,promote the development of self-management behaviour,and improve the quality of life of patients.