负压灌溉对菠菜生长及水分利用效率的影响

Effects of negative pressure irrigation on growth and water use efficiency of spinach

为筛选出南方地区菠菜生长最适宜的灌溉负压值,采用土壤盆栽试验,以人工浇灌为对照(CK),研究3个供水负压(-5.0,-10.0,-15.0 kPa)对菠菜生长、生理指标、品质指标、水分利用效率及养分吸收的影响.结果表明:-5.0 kPa负压供水,菠菜地上部产量178.2 g/pot,显著高于-10.0和-15.0 kPa,与CK差异不具有统计学意义;地下部生物量9.99 g/pot,显著高于CK和-15.0 kPa;根系活力419.0μg/(g·h),显著高于CK,-10.0和-15.0 kPa,分别提高65.3%,51.5%和91.0%;VC和可溶性糖含量分别为0.5072 mg/g和1.74%,较CK,-10.0和-15.0 kPa分别提高18.3%,10.5%,44.9%和6.1%,23.4%,47.5%.-5.0 kPa负压供水,水分利用效率为3.89 g/kg,显著高于CK和-15.0 kPa,与-10.0 kPa差异不具有统计学意义;菠菜地上部氮的累积吸收量显著高于CK,-10.0和-15.0 kPa,磷、钾累积吸收量与CK差异不具有统计学意义,但显著高于-15.0 kPa.综合菠菜产量和水分利用效率,-5.0 kPa负压供水较适合南方地区菠菜生长发育.

In order to select a suitable negative pressure to growth of spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)in Southern China,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate effects of three levels of negative pressure(-5.0 kPa,-10.0 kPa and-15.0 kPa)on spinach growth,physiological index,quality index,water use efficiency and nutrient uptake by using artificial irrigation as the control(CK).The results show that the yield of spinach is 178.2 g/pot in-5.0 kPa treatment,significantly higher than that in-10.0 kPa or-15.0 kPa treatment,but without significant difference from CK.The underground biomass is 9.99 g/pot in-5.0 kPa treatment,significantly higher than that in CK and-15.0 kPa treatment.The root activity is 419.0μg/(g·h)in-5.0 kPa treatment,which is significantly higher than that in CK,-10.0 and-15.0 kPa treatments,with increase by 65.3%,51.5%and 91.0%,respectively.The vitamin C and soluble sugar contents are 0.5072 mg/g and 1.74%in-5.0 kPa treatment,increased by 18.3%,10.5%,44.9%and 6.1%,23.4%,47.5%,respectively,comparing with CK,-10.0 kPa,and-15.0 kPa treatments.The water use efficiency is 3.89 g/kg in-5.0 kPa treatment,which is significantly higher than that in CK and-15.0 kPa treatment but has no significant difference from that in-10.0 kPa treatment.The cumulative absorption of aboveground nitrogen in spinach is significantly higher than that in CK,-10.0 kPa and-15.0 kPa treatments,and phosphorus and potassium uptakes have no significant difference from CK,but significantly higher than that in-15.0 kPa.In terms of spinach yield and water use efficiency,the negative pressure water supply in-5.0 kPa is suitable to spinach growth in Southern China.