两系列单停单开渣油加氢开停工技术的优化

Optimization of Two Series of Single-shutdown and Single-startup Residual Oil Hydrogenation Startup&Shutdown Technology

固定床渣油加氢装置具有运转周期相对较短,开、停工换剂次数多且占用时间长的特点,催化剂更换检修周期一般为1~2年,而炼油装置大检修周期通常为3~4年,因此如何缩短渣油加氢装置开停工时间,减少对其他运行装置的影响成为一项重要课题。两系列单停单开工艺具有装置连续运行周期长、生产灵活性高的特点,目前在渣油加氢装置应用已经比较成熟。以某石化公司3.9 Mt/a两系列单停单开渣油加氢装置为例,总结了装置在多次开停工的优化措施,分析了开停工过程的制约因素,并提出了相关建议。

The fixed-bed residue hydrogenation unit has the characteristics of relatively short operating cycle,frequent start-ups and shutdowns,and long occupied time.The catalyst replacement and maintenance cycle is generally 1 to 2 years,while the refining unit overhaul cycle is usually 3 to 4 years,so how to shorten the start-up and shutdown time of the residue hydrogenation unit and reduce the impact on other operating units has become an important issue.The two series of single-shutdown and single-startup processes have the characteristics of long continuous operation cycle and high production flexibility.At present,they have been relatively mature in residual oil hydrogenation equipment.Taking a petrochemical company’s 3.9 Mt/a two-series single-shutdown and single-startup residual oil hydrogenation unit as an example,the optimization measures of the device during multiple start-ups and shutdowns are summarized,the constraints of the start-up and shutdown process are analyzed,and relevant suggestions are put forward.