海流感应电场空间分布特性研究

Research on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Electric Field Induced by Ocean Cunrrent

海流是海水运动的主要形式之一,海流切割磁力线会产生感应电场,这部分电场将成为海洋电磁勘探和水下电磁探测的主要干扰源。论文重点研究了3种典型海流分布产生的感应电场,如表层流、底层流和分层流等。仿真计算结果表明,当流速和地磁场强度逐渐降低时,随水深增加海水电势变化量随之减少;当不同水层流速变化较小时,海水电势与水深近似服从线性关系;当表层海流小于底层海流流速时,会出现海水电势0点,并且差异越大,电势0点出现的深度越低。仿真分析结果为海洋电磁勘探和水下电磁探测中的环境噪声抑制以及探测方案设计等提供参考。

Ocean currents are one of the main forms of seawater movement.The current cutting magnetic lines will generate an induced electric field,which is the main source of interference for marine electromagnetic exploration and underwater electromagnet⁃ic detection.The study focuses on the induced electric fields generated by three typical current distributions,such as surface flow,underflow and stratified flow.The simulation results show that when the flow velocity and the strength of the geomagnetic field are gradually reduced,the seawater potential variation decreases with the water depth.When the change of the flow velocity of different water layers is small,the seawater potential is approximately linear with water depth.When the surface current is less than the flow velocity of the bottom stream,the seawater potential zero will appear,and the greater the difference,the lower the depth at which the potential zero appears.