锤击震源参数对浅层地震波的影响规律研究

Research on the Influence of Hammer Source Parameters on Shallow-layer Seismic Wave

由于锤击震源对环境的负面影响较小且经济实惠、操作便捷,因此在各类浅层地震勘探方法中应用广泛。考虑锤击震源参数对地震波的影响规律,开展现场试验和离散元数值模拟研究。试验结果表明:进行现场锤击试验,当大锤质量由5kg增至30kg时,主频与频带宽度总降幅分别为21.43%、71.39%,最大振幅总增幅为479.6%;当瞬时锤击速度由3.13m/s增至5.42m/s时,主频与最大振幅总增幅分别为4.60%、79.58%。数值试验结果得出主频与频带宽度会随大锤质量增加呈二阶非线性减小规律,而最大振幅与大锤质量呈线性正相关,瞬时锤击速度的变化对最大振幅有较大影响,与锤击试验结果相似。

Due to its low cost,convenient operation and small negative impact on the environment,the hammer source is widely used in various shallow seismic exploration.Considering the influence of hammer source parameters on seismic wave,we carried out the field test and discrete element numerical simulation researches.As the results show,in the on-site test,when the mass of hammer increases from 5 kg to 30 kg,the main frequency and the bandwidth decrease respectively by 21.43%and 71.39%,while the maximum amplitude increases by 479.6%totally.When the instantaneous hammer speed increases from 3.13 m/s to 5.42 m/s,the main frequency and the maximum amplitude increase by 4.60%and 79.58%respectively.The numerical results are similar to those of the hammer test that the main frequency and the frequency bandwidth show a second-order nonlinear reduction pattern as the mass of the hammer increases,and the maximum amplitude has a positive linear correlation with the mass of the hammer,and the change of instantaneous hammering velocity has a great influence on the maximum amplitude.The research results can provide reference for optimizing the setting of acquisition parameters in shallow seismic exploration,simplifying the processing of seismic data and interpreting the process.