一种时空阵列电磁数据处理模型

A processing model of space-time array electromagnetic data

为解决常规电磁数据处理方法输入端相关噪声难以压制的瓶颈问题以及输出端单站处理难以满足阵列观测数据处理需求的问题,提出一种阵列电磁数据处理新模型。在输入端,假设天然电磁场、人工电磁场及不可控人文电磁场同时入射地球表面,组成系统的输入,且随时间变化,构成空间阵列场源在不同时刻对系统的输入时空阵列。在输出端布设多个空间测站,在多个时窗内同步观测地球对所有输入激励的总响应,构成空间阵列测道在不同时窗内对系统的输出时空阵列。基于电磁勘探系统的线性时不变性,推导输出和输入的数学关系,获得包含系统响应的多元二次时空阵列方程组。探讨该方程组在不同条件下的求解方案,提出从系统响应中提取目标地电参数的策略。最后,利用实际案例论证本文模型的可行性。研究结果表明:本文模型为实现输入端的信噪分离、输出端的多站多道数据综合分析提供了理论依据,可为复杂场源环境下的三维阵列电磁勘探提供技术支持。

A new model of array electromagnetic data processing was developed to improve the ordinary electromagnetic data processing methods,which was difficult to suppress the correlated noise at the input end,and hard to satisfy the processing requirement of array observation data at the output end.Natural sources,controlled sources and unknown cultural sources were considered to incidence to earth simultaneously,and changed with time,and a space-time array input was constituted.Multi-stations were carried out to simultaneously observe the total responses of all the inputs on the earth’s surface,and to constitute a space-time array output.Based on the condition of linear time invariant system,the mathematical relationship between output and input was deduced,and the multiple quadratic space-time array equations including system response were obtained.The solutions of the equations under different conditions were discussed,and the strategy of extracting the target geoelectric parameters from the system responses was analyzed.The feasibility of the model was demonstrated by a practical case study.Finally,the significance of the model and the problems was discussed.The results show that the model provides a theoretical reference for the realization of signal-noise separation at the input end and the comprehensive analysis of multi-station and multi-channel data at the output end,and it can also provide technical support for three-dimensional array electromagnetic exploration in a complex source environment.