新时代中国基本经济制度的发展与创新--立足马克思经济制度理论的视角

The Development and Innovation of China's Basic Economic System in the New Era--Based on the Perspective of Marx's Economic System Theory

党的十九届四中全会从所有制、分配制度、经济体制三方面概括我国社会主义基本经济制度的特征,将经济体制和分配制度纳入社会主义基本经济制度的范畴,是中国共产党对中国特色社会主义经济制度和发展规律认识不断深化的体现。深入认识这一新概括,无疑有助于我们对社会主义基本经济制度的准确理解。马克思经济制度理论认为,经济制度包括制度构成和制度特征两方面,在制度构成上是生产关系的本质规定与实现形式的统一体,主要包括所有制、分配制度和经济体制三方面内容;在制度特征上表现为所有制、分配制度和经济体制的时代特征。回顾中华人民共和国成立后我国经济制度的历史演变可以发现,党的十九届四中全会对我国基本经济制度的创新性概括,在制度构成上是对马克思经济制度理论的逻辑回归,在制度特征上则是对我国社会主义初级阶段特征的准确反映。

The 4th Plenary Session of the 19th CPC's National Congress sums up the features of China's socialist economic system from three aspects:ownership,distribution,and institutional arrangements.The inclusion of ownership and distribution systems into China's basic economic system shows a deepening of CPC's understanding of the unique features of China's economic system and its law of development,and is conducive to a more accurate understanding of the socialist economic system.According to Marxist economic theory,an economic system is composed of two parts:the internal economic structure and the external economic features.The economic structure is a unity of what defines the relations of production and what gives forms to such relations,which finds expression in the systems of ownership,distribution and institutional set-ups.The external economic features are the characteristics of these systems in a given period of time.A review of the historical evolution of China's economic system since 1949 shows that the innovative summary made by the 4th plenary session of the 19 th CPC national congress about China's economic system is a logical return to the Marxist economic theory and an accurate representation of the economic features of Chinese society at the initial state of socialism.