电子束辐照对医用一次性防护服材料断裂强力的影响

Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Breaking Strength of Medical Disposable Protective Clothing Material

消毒灭菌是医用一次性防护服(简称医用防护服)生产过程中的重要环节,相比传统环氧乙烷灭菌,辐照灭菌更快速高效。由于医用防护服的防护性能有严格的标准要求,其材料的辐照效应具有重要研究意义。采用电子束加速器分别对聚丙烯(PP)、聚酯纤维(PET)、特卫强(Tyvek)3种材料的医用防护服样品进行不同吸收剂量的辐照处理,并进行不同时间的老化试验。针对GB 19082—2009中与辐照效应相关的主要性能指标进行测试。结果表明,50 kGy以下吸收剂量的电子束辐照对上述3种材料医用防护服的抗渗水性、抗合成血液穿透性、过滤效率等性能影响较小,但对PP和Tyvek材料的医用防护服断裂强力影响较大。通过双因素方差分析研究辐照和老化两种因素对上述3种材料医用防护服断裂强力影响的显著性。结果表明,吸收剂量和老化时间分别有不同的影响,其中吸收剂量对PP材料医用防护服样品断裂强力影响最显著。经验证,提升PP材料医用防护服的初始断裂强力,可使其辐照后性能满足标准。

Disinfection or sterilization is an important part of the production process of medical disposable protective clothing(referred to as medical protective clothing).Compared with ethylene oxide sterilization method,irradiation is faster and more efficient.Since medical protective clothing has strict requirements in terms of protection performance,the radiation effect of its materials has important research significance.The electron beam accelerator was used to treat three kinds of medical protective clothing materials polypropylene(PP),polyester fiber(PET)and Tyvek with different absorbed doses.Then the samples were subjected to aging tests for different time.The main performance indicators related to radiation effect in GB 19082-2009 were tested.Test results show that the performances of the three kinds of medical protective clothing such as resistance to water penetration,resistance to synthetic blood penetration,and filtration efficiency are not significantly affected when absorbed dose is below 50 kGy.However,the breaking strengths of PP and Tyvek materials protective clothings are greatly affected.Two-factor analysis of variance was used to study the significance of the effects of radiation and aging on the breaking strengths of the three kinds of medical protective clothing materials.Results show that the absorbed dose and the aging time after irradiation have different effects on the breaking strength of the three protective clothing materials.Among them,the absorbed dose has the most significant radiation effect on the breaking strength of PP protective clothing.It proves that improving the initial breaking strength of PP protective clothing can make its performance meet the standard after irradiation.