1991年-2019年某部传染病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of specific troop infectious diseases during 1991-2019

目的分析1991年-2019年某部传染病的流行病学特征,为制订传染病防控策略提供科学依据。方法利用Excel 2010建立传染病疫情数据库,对某部1991年-2019年传染病疫情资料采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 1991年-2019年某部共报告传染病54种18975例,前五位传染病依次为病毒性肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、水痘、其他感染性腹泻,占传染病发病总数的80.36%。29年间,肠道传染病发病最多,其次是呼吸道传染病和血源及性传播疾病,各种传染病在不同年份流行的情况和发病顺位各有差异。发病高峰为12月至次年2月,高发人群为18~25岁,以战士为主。结论 1991年-2019年某部传染病发病总体平稳,以常见肠道和呼吸道传染病为主,但呼吸道传染病呈逐年上升趋势,应持续加强监测,尤其做好新兵集训单位及院校的呼吸道传染病防控工作。

Objective To provide reasonable advices for its epidemic controlling measures by analyzing the features of infectious diseases during 1991-2019 in the troop unit.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis based on an Excel 2010 database was carried out on infectious diseases data during 1991-2019 of the troop unit.Results The top five most frequently reported infectious diseases successively were virus hepatitis,pulmonary tuberculosis,dysentery,varicella and infectious diarrhea,which in together occupied 80.36%of all reported 18975 cases(in 54 categories)during 1991-2019.Analysis on categories showed the intestinal infections were the most frequently reported ones,which were followed by respiratory infections,blood-borne infectious diseases and sexual-transmitted diseases.Peak period of incidences was from December to February of the following year.Soldiers aged from 18 to 25 were most frequently seed infected individuals.Conclusions A steady state of infectious disease attack rate is observed in this troop unit during 1991-2019,with intestinal and respiratory diseases taking up the main numbers of cases.A annually ascending of infectious respiratory disease cases is also seen in the analysis,indicating a reinforcement in disease monitoring as well as infectious respiratory disease prevention and control in,especially,institutions and new recruits.