一流大学振兴与产学研合作的关系:德国经验及其对中国的启示

The Relationship between the Revitalization of German First-class Universities and the Industry-university-research Cooperation and Its Enlightenment

一流大学建设与产学研合作之间的关系十分重要。德国为重振其一流大学的世界地位和竞争力,先后推出了"卓越计划"和"卓越战略",并加强一流大学与企业的合作。为了解德国一流大学振兴的成效以及与产学研合作之间的实际关系,本文对德国一流大学振兴与产学研合作之间的关系进行了详细分析。结果表明:通过"卓越计划"的实施,德国的一流大学振兴取得了一定成效;不过,德国一流大学由于经费投入相对不足等原因,与世界顶尖大学仍有明显差距;德国实现了一流大学振兴与产学研合作相互促进的目标。结合研究发现,本文提出了推进我国"双一流"建设、加强我国产学研合作以及协调两者关系的政策建议:坚持并完善我国"双一流"建设的动态考核和调整机制,继续加大经费投入,理顺产学研合作机制,提高产学研合作质量,促成"双一流"建设与产学研合作的良性循环。

There is a complex relationship between the construction of first-class universities and the industry-university-research cooperation.In order to revitalize the world status of domestic first-class universities,Germany has successively launched the "Excellence Initiative" and "Excellence Strategy",and promote its first-class universities to strengthen cooperation with enterprises.In order to understand the effect of the revitalization of the first-class universities in Germany and the practical relationship between the revitalization of the first-class universities in Germany and their industry-university-research cooperation,a detailed analysis is made of the measures,effects and deficiencies of the revitalization of the first-class universities in Germany and the contradictory relationship between the revitalization and industry-university-research cooperation of the first-class universities in Germany.The results show that:through the implementation of the "Excellence Initiative",the revitalization of the first-class universities in Germany has achieved positive results.However,Germany’s top universities still have significant gaps with the world’s top universities due to reasons such as the relative lack of funding.First-class universities in Germany have achieved mutual promotion of first-class university construction and industry-university-research cooperation.On this basis,some suggestions are put forward to promote the construction of "double first-class" in China,strengthen the domestic industry-university-research cooperation,and coordinate the contradictory relationship between them:to adhere to and improve the dynamic assessment and adjustment mechanism of the construction of "double first class" in China;to continue to increase the investment and focus on the construction of several top universities;to improve the quality of industry-university-research cooperation,and to promote the construction of "double first-class" and industry-university-research cooperation to form a virtuous circle.