中德职业能力测评指标权重差异化分析——基于KOMET项目的实证研究

Comparative Analysis of the Evaluation Indicators of Vocational Competence Measurement between China and Germany: Empirical Research based on KOMET Project

职业能力测评工具的客观性、可靠性、正确性和公平性,对于测评结果的客观性、系统性和科学性具有决定性的意义。同时,在不同文化背景下,对同一测评工具和指标的有效性检验,往往成为职业能力测评国际比较研究的重要基础。KOMET项目通过北京与德国黑森州的对比研究发现,中德两组评分员对“经济性”“企业生产流程和工作过程导向”与“社会接受度”三个能力指标赋予的权重较为接近。与之相反,双方对“环保性”“创造性”“使用价值导向”等能力指标的权重未达成一致性意见。大多数能力指标的变异系数表明,中德教师对职业教育指导思想和教学目标的理解存在一定差异。

The objectivity,reliability,correctness and fairness of the competence measurement tool are decisive for the objectivity,systemicity and scientificity of the evaluation results.At the same time,in different cultural backgrounds,the validity test of the same assessment tools and indicators often becomes an important basis for the international comparative study of professional competence standardization assessment.The comparison of KOMET between the Chinese and the German Hessen scorer survey found that the scores of the two indicators of"economic","enterprise production process and work process orientation"and"social acceptance"were closer to each other.On the contrary,the two sides did not reach a consensus on the weights of the indicators such as"environmental protection","creativeness"and"use value orientation".The coefficient of variation of most of the ability indicators mirrors that Chinese and German teachers have certain different understanding of the guiding ideology and teaching objectives of vocational education.