春秋战国时期游学的缘起、特征及教育意蕴探微

The Research of the Origin,Characteristics and Educational Implications of Study Tour in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

游学是古代士人等到异地游历和求知的教育文化活动。游学缘起于春秋战国时期绝非偶然,它是当时社会、政治和文化发展的必然产物。民间私学的萌发、纳贤养士之风的兴起和"学而优则仕"观念的盛行是其产生的主要背景。春秋战国时期的游学呈现出主体成分多元性、目标旨趣多样性和地理范围区域性等特征,并具有丰富而深刻的教育意蕴:开创了教育新范式;推动了人才流动和成长;丰富了古代师道文化内涵;促进了学派交融和学术创新。

Study touris an educational and cultural activity for ancient scholars to travel to other places and seek knowledge.It is no accident that study tour originated in the spring and autumn period and the warring states period,as it was the inevitable outcome of the social,political and cultural development at that time.The emergence of private folk learning,the rise of the wind of recruiting virtuous scholars and the prevalence of the idea of‘a good scholar will make an official’were the main background.Study tour in the spring and autumn period and the warring states period showed such characteristics as the plurality of main components,the diversity of goals and the regional limitations of geographical scope,and hasprofound educational implications,such as innovateda new model of education,promoted the exchange and growth of talents,enriched the connotation of ancient teacher’s moral culture and promoted the integration and academic innovation among various schools.