静电纺丝工艺制备Si@PVDF纳米结构含能材料

Electrospinning Preparation of Si@PVDF Nanostructured Energetic Material

采用静电纺丝工艺制备了理想化学计量比的Si@PVDF纳米结构含能材料,并与超声物理混合法所制备的Si/PVDF纳米复合含能材料进行了对比分析。形貌表征显示所制备的Si@PVDF纤维表面光滑,纳米硅粉在PVDF中分布均匀;在10K·min-1升温速率下,Si@PVDF的反应起始温度(482.15℃)与反应峰值温度(495.58℃)均略低于Si/PVDF(484.26℃,498.25℃),二者反应热相当。在定容燃烧实验中,Si/PVDF不能自持燃烧,而Si@PVDF可以自持燃烧,25 mg装药量下,燃烧最大压力0.379 MPa,平均升压速率15.95 MPa·s-1,燃烧持续时间79 ms。

In this paper,Si@PVDF nanostructured energetic materials with ideal stoichiometric ratio was prepared by use of electrospinning process,and compared with the Si/PVDF counterpart prepared by the ultrasonic physical mixing method.The morphology characterization show the prepared Si@PVDF fiber has a smooth surface,and the nano-silicon powder is relatively evenly distributed in PVDF.At the heating rate of 10 K·min-1,the reaction onset temperature and peak temperature of Si@PVDF is 482.15℃and 495.58℃,respectively,which are slightly lower than those of Si/PVDF(484.26℃,498.25℃),while the heats of reaction are equivalent.In the constant volume combustion experiment,the Si/PVDF cannot achieve self-sustained combustion,while Si@PVDF can be ignited successfully.With a charge of 25 mg,the maximum combustion pressure of Si@PVDF is 0.379 MPa,the average pressurization rate is 15.95 MPa·s-1,and the burning duration is 79 ms.