安全型聚氨酯加固材料的制备及防火性能研究

Research on preparation and fire resistance performance of safety polyurethane reinforcing material

聚氨酯类注浆材料因反应温度高、阻燃性差致使存在引发火灾的风险,为了避免内因火灾常利用硅酸盐对聚氨酯进行改性,但高分子主剂、催化剂和溶剂等对该体系安全指标的影响规律仍不明确。制备硅酸盐改性聚氨酯加固材料,并深入研究催化剂(BDMA、DBTDL)、高分子主剂(PAPI、DL-2000D)及溶剂(乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯)等对材料最高反应温度、固化时间、抗压强度和氧指数的影响。结果表明:①质量分数为0.1%的BDMA和质量分数为0.1%的DBTDL复合催化剂具有协同增效作用,不仅提高了催化活性,而且使得发泡反应和凝胶反应达到了较好的平衡,抗压强度提高至55.8MPa;②当PAPI和DL-2000D的总量不变时,随PAPI∶DL-2000D(质量比)降低,固化时间和黏度随之增加,最高反应温度和抗压强度逐渐降低,但PAPI∶DL-2000D在85∶15~90∶10时,材料综合性能最佳;③随着溶剂含量的增加,固化时间、最高反应温度和抗压强度逐渐降低,乙二醇丁醚醋酸酯具有可燃性,导致试样氧指数减小,材料阻燃性下降。

Polyurethane grouting materials have the risk of causing fire due to high reaction temperature and poor flame retardancy.In order to avoid internal fires,silicate is often used to modify polyurethane,but the main polymer,catalyst and solvent are safety indicators for the system.The law of influence is still not very clear.To this end,this article prepared silicate modified polyurethane reinforcement materials,and in-depth study of catalysts(BDMA,DBTDL),polymer main agents(PAPI,DL-2000 D)and solvents(ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate)The influence of the material’s maximum reaction temperature,curing time,compressive strength and oxygen index.The results show that:①0.1%BDMA and 0.1%DBTDL catalysts have a synergistic effect after being compounded,which not only improves the catalytic activity,but also makes the foaming reaction and the gel reaction reach a better balance,and the compressive strength increase to 55.8 MPa.②When the total amount of PAPI and DL-2000 D remains unchanged,as the PAPI:DL-2000 D(mass ratio)decreases,the curing time and viscosity increase,and the maximum reaction temperature and compressive strength gradually decrease.However,when PAPI:DL-2000 D is between 85∶15~90∶10,the overall performance of the material is the best.③With the increase of solvent content,curing time,maximum reaction temperature and compressive strength gradually decrease,and because of the flammability of ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate,the oxygen index of the sample decreases and the flame retardancy of the material decreases.