2019年广州市售食品中食源性致病菌监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in foods sold in Guangzhou in 2019

目的了解广州市售食品中食源性致病菌污染和分布情况,以及污染危险因素。方法2019年共采集9类共1066份食品样品,对霍乱弧菌、副溶血性弧菌、创伤弧菌、溶藻弧菌、河弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、克罗诺杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、单增李斯特氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌等进行监测分析。结果127份样品食源性致病菌检出阳性,检出率为11.91%。食源性致病菌中克罗诺杆菌的检出率最高(24.69%),溶藻弧菌检出率为14.81%、创伤弧菌检出率为6.76%、副溶血性弧菌检出率为5.52%。不同食品类别中甲鱼和蛙的检出率最高,达到了43.21%,其次为冲调谷物制品(25.93%)、进口生畜肉(15.97%)、生食动物性水产品(15.83%)和水产肉糜(12.50%)。不同采样场所中采自网店的食品食源性致病菌检出率最高(29.17%),其次依次是餐饮单位(21.59%)、农贸肉菜市场(15.38%)、超市(14.36%)和学校(8.72%),最低的是零售店(3.88%)。预包装食品食源性致病菌检出率(21.33%)高于散装食品的检出率(10.37%)。结论2019年广州市部分市售食品存在较高的食源性致病菌检出率,应对重点食品加强监管,降低食品中致病菌污染,预防食源性疾病的发生。

Objective To understand the contamination and distribution of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food sold in Guangzhou and the risk factors of contamination.Methods Totally 1066 samples of 9 kinds of food were collected in 2019 for monitoring and analysis of Vibrio cholerae,Vibrio parahemolyticus,Vibrio vulnificus,Vibrio alginolyticus,Vibrio fluvialis,Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella,Cronobacter,Bacillus cereus,Listeria monocytogenes and Yersinia enterocolitis.Results A total of 127 samples were positive for food-borne pathogens,and the total detection rate was 11.91%.Among the food-borne pathogens,Cronobacter had the highest detection rate(24.69%),the detection rate of Vibrio alginolyticus was 14.81%,the detection rate of Vibrio vulnificus was 6.76%,and the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was 5.52%.The detection rate of turtles and frogs in different food categories was the highest,reaching 43.21%,followed by prepared cereal products(25.93%),imported raw animal meat(15.97%),raw animal aquatic products(15.83%)and aquatic meat(12.50%).In different sampling places,the detection rate of food-borne pathogens from online stores was the highest(29.17%),followed by catering units(21.59%),farmers’meat and vegetable markets(15.38%),supermarkets(14.36%)and schools(8.72%),and the lowest was retail stores(3.88%).The detection rate of food-borne pathogens in the pre-packaged foods(21.33%)was higher than the bulk foods(10.37%).Conclusion There is a higher detection rate of food-borne pathogens in some consumption foods in Guanghzou in 2019,and the supervision of key foods should be strengthened to reduce the contamination of pathogens in food and prevent the occurrence of food-borne diseases.