高纯度金钗石斛生物碱提取工艺的开发

Optimizing the extraction process of alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile

通过设置不同pH、温度、酶解时间、酶用量和乙醇浓度等梯度条件,确定酶法提取生物碱的最适条件为酶用量7 mg酶/g石斛粉、缓冲液pH=5、酶解温度40℃、酶解时间2 h;提取条件在75%的乙醇、固液比为1∶12,碱化后在pH=8时,效果最好。将乙醚重结晶3次母液合并,以20 kg石斛作为原料,可获得20 g以上纯度为98.4%的产物,经气质联用法(GC-MS)鉴定提取物为石斛碱。结论:酶法提取生物碱的效果较好,可用于金钗石斛总生物碱的分离纯化。该方法简单快速,稳定高效,具有潜在工业生产价值,为金钗石斛总生物碱的工业化生产提供了实验依据。

By setting gradient conditions such as different pH,temperature,enzymolysis time,enzyme dosage and ethanol concentration,the optimal conditions for the enzymatic method are determined as the enzyme dosage 7 mg enzyme/g dendrobium powder,buffer pH=5,enzymolysis temperature 40℃,enzymolysis time 2 h;extraction conditions are 75%ethanol,solid-liquid ratio is 1∶12,and the effect is best at pH 8 after alkalization.Combine the mother liquors of three recrystallizations of ether and use 20 kg of dendrobium as raw material to obtain more than 20 g of product with a purity of 98.4%.The extract is identified as dendrobine by GC-MS.Conclusion:Enzymatic extraction of alkaloids is effective and can be used for the separation and purification of total alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile.The method is simple,fast,stable and efficient.It has potential industrial production value,and provides an experimental basis for the industrial production of total alkaloids from Dendrobium nobile.