闽楠容器育苗基质配比研究

Study on matrix ratio of containerized seedling for Phoebe bournei

闽楠(Phoebe bournei)为福建省珍贵乡土树种,为熟化闽楠轻基质容器育苗技术,对不同基质配比以及肥料、保水剂、微生物菌剂加载下闽楠的生长情况进行持续3 a的研究。结果表明:1)基质配比对闽楠地径和苗高生长的影响极为显著,随着培养年限的增长,生长分化逐渐增大。生长较差的处理组大多黄心土加载比例较高,其中采用黄心土90%+草木灰10%进行育苗的处理组,第1年、第2年、第3年的地径分别为4.93 mm、7.85 mm和10.71 mm,苗高分别为50.04 cm、72.26 cm和111.52 cm;而采用泥炭土60%,珍珠岩30%,蛭石10%的处理组,第1年、第2年、第3年的地径分别为8.43 mm、14.14 mm和20.64 mm,苗高分别为95.12 cm、159.21 cm和255.63 cm。2)树皮、谷壳等农林废弃物比例较高的处理组中的闽楠长势均极显著高于对比组,但菌菇废料的加载不利于闽楠苗木培育。培育的第1年,加载复合肥的处理组闽楠植株长势最好,加载长效肥的处理组次之,加载有机肥的处理组闽楠长势最差;第2年和第3年,加载有机肥的处理组中闽楠植株生长最好,加载复合肥的处理组次之,加载长效肥的处理组长势最差。3)保水剂的加载对闽楠苗木生长具有显著的促进效果,但微生物菌剂的加载对闽楠苗木生长的促进不显著。加载有保水剂的试验组,苗木地径生长较未加载保水剂增加约10%,苗高生长增加约8%。

Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang is a precious native tree species in Fujian Province.In order to mature Ph.bournei light-substrate container seedling technology,the growth of Ph.bournei under different substrate ratios and loading of fertilizers,water-retaining agents and microbial agents has been studied for three years.The results of the three-year study show that:1)the substrate ratio has an extremely significant effect on the growth of Ph.bournei ground diameter and seedling height.With the cultivation period.The growth and differentiation of growth gradually increase.Most of the treatment groups with poor growth have a higher loading ratio of yellow heart soil.Among them,the treatment group that uses 90%yellow heart soil+10%plant ash for seedling cultivation has a ground diameter of 4.93 mm,7.85 mm and 10.71mm in the first,second,and third years.and the seedling heights were 50.04 cm,72.26 cm and 111.52 cm;while using peat soil 60%and perlite 30%,In the 10%vermiculite treatment group,the ground diameters in the first year,the second year,and the third year were 8.43 mm,14.14 mm and 20.64 mm,and the seedling heights were 95.12 cm,159.21 cm and 255.63 cm.2)The growth of Ph.bournei in the treatment group with a higher proportion of bark,chaff and other agricultural and forestry wastes was significantly higher than that of the control group,but mushroom waste the loading is not conducive to the cultivation of Ph.bournei seedlings.In the first year of Ph.bournei cultivation,the Ph.bournei plant growth was the best in the treatment group loaded with compound fertilizer,followed by the treatment group loaded with long-term fertilizer,and the Ph.bournei plant growth in the treatment group loaded with organic fertilizer was the worst;In the second and third years,Ph.bournei plants grew the best in the organic fertilizer treatment group,followed by the loaded treatment group,and the long-term fertilizer treatment group grew the worst.3)The loading of water-retaining agent has a significant promoting effect on the growth of Ph.bournei seedlings,but the loading of microbial agents does not significantly promote the growth of Ph.bournei seedlings.In the test group loaded with water-retaining agent,the growth of seedlings in the ground diameter increased by about 10%,and the growth of seedling height increased by about 8%.