中国古史分期的建构与社会性质新论——从黎虎《中国古史分期暨社会性质论纲》谈起

A New Look at Construction and Social Nature in Period Division of Chinese AncientHistory:a Case Study of LI Hu’s An Introduction to Period Division of Chinese Ancient History and Social Nature

黎虎《中国古史分期暨社会性质论纲》一文(简称“黎文”)以马克思主义理论为指导,坚持以中国历史实际为准绳,对中国古史分期暨社会性质进行深入探讨,提出全新而科学的阐释,为中国史学界在“中国古史分期暨社会性质”这一重大理论问题的研究领域所取得的最新重大突破。黎文具有如下四个方面的突出特点:一是将马克思主义理论和中国历史事实进行有机的结合,坚持正确政治方向,为学术的创新和突破奠定正确的政治基础;二是从宏观上将中国古代历史划分为“无君群聚社会”“王权众庶社会”“皇权吏民社会”三个时代,在研究中将三个时代上下贯穿,实现了“通古今之变”;三是抛弃传统观点束缚,从历史事实和中国历史特殊性出发,合乎逻辑地界定和论证了“三个时代”的社会性质及其主要矛盾,形成创新性、突破性的研究成果,从而“成一家之言”;四是响应建设具有“中国特色,中国风格,中国气派”的哲学社会科学体系的号召,立足中国本土,使用中国固有词汇和概念进行论述,充分彰显“中国特色、中国风格、中国气派”,形成关于中国古史分期暨社会性质问题研究的本土化的学术体系和话语体系。

Li Hu’s article“An Outline of Periodization of Chinese Ancient History and Social Nature”(referred to as“Li Hu’s article”)is guided by Marxist theory,sticking to Chinese historical reality as the criterion,probing deep into the periodization of ancient Chinese history and social nature,coming up with a new and scientific interpretation.It is the latest and significant breakthrough in the research field of the important theoretical issue of“the periodization of ancient Chinese history and social nature”in Chinese historical circles.“Li Hu’s article”has the following four prominent characteristics:Firstly,it organically combines Marxist theory with Chinese historical facts,adhering to the correct political direction,and laying a correct political foundation for academic innovation and breakthrough.Secondly,from a macro perspective,ancient Chinese history can be divided into three eras:“a society without monarchs”,“a society with monarchy”,“a society with imperial power and crowds”,which are run through in the study and the“change from the past to the present”is realized.Thirdly,it abandons the shackles of traditional viewpoints and proceeds from historical facts and the particularity of Chinese history,logically defining and demonstrating the social nature and its main contradictions of the“Three Eras”,forming innovative and breakthrough achievements,thus“creating a philosophy of one’s own”.Fourthly,it responds to the call for the construction of a philosophy and social science system with“Chinese Characteristics,Chinese Style and Chinese Manner”,based on the Chinese mainland,using the Chinese inherent vocabulary and concepts to discuss,fully highlighting the“Chinese Characteristics,Chinese Style and Chinese Manner”,forming a localized academic and discourse system on the the study of periodization of ancient Chinese history and social nature.