城市居民生活垃圾分类政策何以从引导转向强制?——基于政策工具的视角

Why does the Implementation Mode of Municipal Garbage Classification Policy Change From Guidance to Enforcement?--A Perspective of Policy Instruments

生活垃圾分类是我国城市治理的热点议题。近年来我国各大城市在推进生活垃圾分类政策的过程中,地方政府的政策工具体现了从自愿性和混合性过渡到强制性的显著特征。这一政策工具的转变是由政治、财政、管理和技术四个维度的因素驱动的。城市生活垃圾分类政策执行模式的转变并不意味着“全能型政府”的重现,而是突出表现为参与主体的多元性和政民关系的平等性这两大特征,凸显了强制性工具在中国场景的适用性和不断优化的政策执行模式。

Municipal garbage classification policy has become a hot issue in urban governance.In recent years,the policy instruments in the process of municipal garbage classification policy implementation are from voluntary and mixed to mandatory.The transformation of policy instruments is driven by the four dimensional factors of politics,finance,management and technology.This study concludes that the shift of garbage classification policy does not mean the reemergence of“omnipotent government”,but be mainly manifested in the diversity of stakeholders as well as the equality between government and residents.