骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中生物力学变化的有限元研究进展

Progress in the finite element analysis of biomechanical changes in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

近年骨质疏松症的发病率逐年上升,骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折作为其中最普遍且严重的并发症,伴骨质疏松症发病率的升高亦逐年增加,针对骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折损伤机制和治疗的研究亦不断深入。有限元分析法通过计算机模拟人体各工况情况来分析和阐明骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的损伤机制,并且可以清晰反映椎体的各个部位的受力状况。本文综述了近些年有限元分析法用于分析骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中生物力学研究取得的新进展,再结合新进展探讨有限元分析法出现的一些不足和未来的发展方向,以期更好为预防骨质疏松症患者发生脊柱骨折,避免在日常生活中超出脊柱稳定安全的活动范围提供指导价值。

The incidence of osteoporosis has increased year by year recently.Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures are the most common and serious complication,and the incidence of osteoporosis is also increasing year by year.The research on the damage mechanism and treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures is also deepening.Finite element analysis analyzes and elucidates the damage mechanism of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by simulating human body in various situations in a computer,and it clearly reflects the stress status of various parts of the vertebral body.This article uses the finite element analysis method in recent years to analyze the new progress in the biomechanical research of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,and discusses some shortcomings and development directions in the future of finite element analysis,aiming to prevent patients with osteoporosis from vertebral compression fractures,and to provide guidance for avoiding the range of activities beyond the stability and safety of the spine in daily life.