互动语境中“什么”否定义的主观化和标记化

The Subjectification and Tokenization of the Negative Meaning of“What”in the Interactive Context

对疑问代词“什么”参与组合的构式进行了研究,认为其受互动语境的制约,从而表达否定意义。规约化特征为表达习语化、范畴特征弱化、形式高度凝固化。“什么X”表达模式上表现为存在后续句,后续句主要有三种类型第一,陈述某个与现实情况相反的事实;第二,陈述否定的理由;第三,陈述说话人的观点。疑问代词“什么”发生了主观化并具有表情功能,主观化程度最高时发展为否定标记,体现出一定的交互主观性。

The construction of interrogative pronoun“What”in combination is restricted by the interactive context,so as to express the negative meaning.Its prescriptive characteristics include idiomization of expression,weakening of category characteristics,and highly solidified form.In terms of the expression mode of“What X”,there are three types of follow-up sentences:first,stating a fact contrary to the reality;second,stating the reasons for the negation;third,stating the speaker’s point of view.The“What”in the form of negative meaning becomes subjective and has the function of expression.When the degree of subjectivity is highest,it develops into pragmatic marker,which reflects a certain degree of interactive subjectivity.