河南焦作市31例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者临床特征分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of 31 cases with new coronavirus pneumonia in Jiaozuo City,Henan Province

目的回顾性分析我市收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)患者的临床特征、治疗及预后。方法选取2020年1月~2020年3月河南省焦作市集中收治的31例新型冠状病毒感染患者为研究对象,按病重程度分为普通组和重症组,普通组20人为轻型和普通型患者,重症组11人为(危)重型患者。比较两组在不良反应、流行病学史、临床特征、实验室指标、影像学特征、治疗及预后等方面的差异。结果共31例患者纳入该研究,平均年龄(43.9±14.3)岁,男性61.3%;61.3%的患者有疫区(武汉)史;最常见症状为发热(83.9%)和咳嗽(64.5%);重症组不良反应发生率高于对普通组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重症组胸闷和呼吸困难发生率高于普通组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重症组淋巴细胞计数和氧合指数低于普通组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);重症组肺部受累情况重于普通组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);所有患者均接受了不同方式的氧疗和抗病毒治疗,1例高龄患者死亡,死亡率为3.2%;本研究中患者住院天数为4~23d,中位住院天数为16d,两组住院天数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论我市新型冠状病毒肺炎患者有疫区史者居多,常见症状为发热和咳嗽,重症患者出现胸闷和呼吸困难,实验室检查淋巴细胞计数和氧合指数更低。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical features,treatment and prognosis of Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19)patients admitted to our city.Methods Thirty-one patients with novel coronavirus infection admitted to jiaozuo city,henan province from January,2020 to March,2020 were selected as the study subjects.According to the severity of disease,they were divided into the general group and the severe group.The general group consisted of 20 patients with mild and common type,and the severe group consisted of 11 patients with severe(critical)type.The differences in adverse reactions,epidemiological history,clinical features,laboratory indicators,imaging features,treatment and prognosis between the two groups were compared.Results A total of 31 patients were included in the study,with an average age of(43.9±14.3)years old(61.3%male).61.3%of the patients had a history of the epidemic area(wuhan).The most common symptoms were fever(83.9%)and cough(64.5%).The incidence of adverse reactions in the severe group was higher than that in the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of chest distress and dyspnea in the severe group was higher than that in the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The lymphocyte count and oxygenation index of the severe group were lower than that of the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The pulmonary involvement in the severe group was worse than that in the normal group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).All patients received different forms of oxygen therapy and antiviral therapy.One elderly patient died,with a mortality rate of 3.2%.In this study,the length of hospital stay was 4~23d,and the median length of hospital stay was 16d.There was no statistical significance in the length of hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Most of the COVID-19 patients in our city had a history of the epidemic area,and the common symptoms were fever and cough,chest distress and dyspnea in severe patients,and lower lymphocyte count and oxygenation index in laboratory tests.