云南省生活饮用水集中供水水源碘含量调查

Investigation on iodine content of drinking water in centralized water supply in Yunnan Province

目的调查云南省集中供水水源碘含量,评价外环境碘水平,为碘缺乏病防治提供科学依据。方法在全省随机抽取1/3的县(共抽取43个县)开展水碘调查,对每个县的所有乡(镇)、行政村,每个村采集饮用人数最多的一个水源末梢水水样1份。用砷铈催化分光光度法检测水碘含量。结果本次共检测水样6 079份,碘含量中位数为0.83μg/L,范围0~161.08μg/L,碘含量<10.0μg/L的水样6 009份,占98.85%,10~40μg/L的水样53份,占0.87%,40~100μg/L的水样15份,占0.25%,>100μg/L的水样2份,占0.03%;共抽取33个乡镇水碘中位数均<40μg/L,有12个乡镇水碘最大值在40~100μg/L之间,2个乡镇水碘最大值>100μg/L;不同水源碘水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论云南省居民饮用水碘含量总体处于较低水平,部分地区有散在适碘水源或高碘水源分布,但绝大部分地区水碘含量不能满足人体需要,全省应继续实施普遍食盐加碘为主的综合防治措施。

Objective To investigate the iodine content of the centralized water supply in Yunnan Province,evaluate the iodine level in the external environment,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods A water iodine survey was carried out in a random sample of 1/3 of the counties in the province(a total of 43 counties were sampled),and all townships(towns) and administrative villages in each county were collected from the tipping water source of the largest drinking person,one water sample was collected from each village.Arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry was used to detect iodine content in water.Results A total of 6 079 water samples were tested this time.The median iodine content was 0.83 μg/L,and the range was 0-161.08 μg/L.There were 6 009 water samples with iodine content<10.0 μg/L,accounting for 98.85%;53 water samples with iodine content of 10-40 μg/L,accounting for 0.87%,15 water samples with iodine content of 40-100 μg/L,accounting for 0.25%,and two water samples with iodine content >100 μg/L,accounting for 0.03%;the median water iodine of the 533 towns and villages sampled<40 μg/L,12 townships have a maximum water iodine value between 40 μg/L and 100 μg/L,and two townships have a maximum water iodine value>100 μg/L;there is a statistically significant difference in iodine levels among different water sources(P<0.001).Conclusion The iodine content of drinking water in Yunnan Province is generally at a relatively low level.In some areas,there are scattered suitable iodine or scattered high iodine water sources,but the water iodine content cannot meet the needs of the human body in most areas,and the province should continue to implement comprehensive prevention and control measures based on iodization of common salt.